Nursing Care for Hypoglycemia Singapore
Introduction
Hypoglycemia is defined as blood sugar below 70-80 mg/dl. The normal sugar rate or value is from 70-110 mg/dl or 80-120 mg/dl. This can be tested via a glucometer that tests the glucose or sugar content in our blood. Hypoglycemia is common among diabetes patients. A very low sugar circulating in their body is very dangerous and life-threatening if not warranted an immediate action. Various first aid and end treatment will be discussed related in this article by the author.
Causes and Symptoms of Hypoglycemia
The cause of hypoglycemia among diabetic patients is due to either lack of insulin or inadequate production of insulin as well as inadequate production of glucagon, regardless of age. Insulin functions as the key for the glucose to enter the cell to be used as an energy. When there is hyperglycemia or overproduction of sugar, insulin is needed to decrease glucose levels in the body. When there is hypoglycemia, glucagon acts from the pancreas and produced by alpha cells to increase and balance the sugar levels of the body. Thus, glucagon is a major hormone needed to increase the sugar in the body.Hypoglycemia has several common manifestations or symptoms. Hunger or being hungry is one symptom of hypoglycemia. Dizziness and headache due to decreased in sugar level is also an issue that can manifest whether at home or in hospital. Weakness is also a common issue that is a symptom of hypoglycemia.
Nursing Care Plan and Treatment
Acting immediately among patients with hypoglycemia is a health priority by a nurse in the hospital. To confirm hypoglycemia among patients, a glucometer must be immediately done by the nurse. If the value is critically low, the nur se must inform the doctor asap. Immediate IV access must also be done and vital signs as well. For a conscious patient with a clinical sign of hypoglycemia, any kind of sweets or carbohydrates such as chocolates, orange juice or soda will do. They should eat or drink immediately. For unconscious patient, the use of glucagon emergency injection can be used. Within 5-10 minutes, the sugar level can be normal again. Another way to treat a patient if glucagon is not available is through the use of D50 IV solution or injection of D50 whichever is faster. This will also increase the sugar in the body. Continue monitoring the patient specifically the sugar once consciousness is retained.Conclusion
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